外国人労働者の受入れで政府が新たな日本語試験を実施へ
- 2018/10/11
- ぷらっとニュース
- 日本語, 日本語能力試験
- 75 comments
外国人労働者の受入れで政府が新たな日本語試験を実施へ
政府が外国人労働者の受け入れ拡大に備えて新たな日本語試験を実施することになった。10月9日の日本経済新聞の朝刊が報じたもので、2019年4月にも始めるという。外国人の日本語能力を測る試験としては、国際交流基金などの日本語能力試験(JLPT)が主に留学生用に使われてきたが、それとは別に就労外国人向けの試験が必要になったためだ。
政府は深刻な労働力不足に対応するため来年4月に「特定技能」という新たな在留資格を創設する。それにより建設、介護、農業、建設、造船、宿泊(観光)の5分野をはじめ十数の業種で外国人労働者を受け入れるとしている。政府は2025年までに5分野だけで50万人の受入れを見込んでいるが、それ以上の数の外国人が増える可能性は大きい。
受け入れにあたって政府は「一定の日本語能力が必要」としている。「一定の日本語能力」をどのように判定するのかが課題だったが、報道では「日本で働く外国人が職場で円滑に意思疎通する実践的な力を重視する」とし、「電話応答やスケジュール管理など仕事で必ず使用する語彙・表現の習得を確認する」という。
また、受験者に対し迅速に結果を知らせるためコンピューターを使った試験を検討。出題はリスニングとリーディングの2種類とし、将来はライティングとスピーキングを加える可能性もあるという。外国人労働者の来日前の受験を想定しているとみられる。
現行の最もポピュラーな日本語試験は、国際交流基金と日本国際教育支援協会が行っているJLPTで、レベルの高い順にNIからN5に分類される。この中で「基本的な日本語を理解することができる」N4を「一定の日本語能力」と見る向きが多い。
ただし、JLPTはペーパー試験であり、「会話能力」を判定することはできない。このため新たな試験が必要になった。来年4月から実施するとなると、試験づくりやコンピューターで行うためのシステム構築などに相当の時間が必要になる。来年度予算に外務省が22億円を計上し、国際交流基金が新試験づくりに取り組むというが、果たして間に合うのかどうか。
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その対象は全部の外国人か、それとも日本にいる留学生だけか、すごく気になる!